Russia’s ongoing military innovations in unmanned systems and protective technologies are reshaping the battlefield, as evidenced by recent developments in drone technology, communications, and defensive equipment. Defender Media has compiled a comprehensive review of these advancements, highlighting the country’s strategic focus on enhancing strike, reconnaissance, and defensive capabilities.
FPV Drones with Thermite Charges
A notable innovation in Russian military technology is the use of FPV drones equipped with thermite charges to target net tunnels. A video circulating online shows a Russian FPV drone attempting to destroy a Ukrainian net tunnel over a road using a thermite charge. The high combustion temperature of thermite, exceeding 2,000°C, is designed to melt through the plastic, polymer, or fabric structures of the tunnels. While the outcome of the strike remains unclear, the strategy suggests a coordinated effort involving multiple drones or passes to achieve complete destruction.
New Radio Modems in Shahed Drones
Downed Shahed drones have revealed the integration of new radio modems, distinct from previously observed Chinese devices. Analyst Serhii “Flash” Beskrestnov notes that these modems operate in the 3,200–3,400 MHz and 2,700–2,900 MHz bands, enabling the formation of an extensive airborne communications network. This network allows for parallel data transmission, creating a robust information system that is challenging to suppress. The primary objective is to relay reconnaissance data from strike and reconnaissance drones and maintain real-time control over Shahed drones during flight.
S-70 Okhotnik-B UAV Enters Serial Production
Russia has announced the serial production of the S-70 Okhotnik-B heavy strike-reconnaissance drone. Built from composite materials at the Chkalov Novosibirsk Aircraft Plant, the Okhotnik-B features a flying-wing design and can operate alongside Su-35S fighters. The drone is capable of launching a variety of missiles, including the Kh-58 anti-radiation missile, the Kh-35 anti-ship missile, the Kh-74M, and KAB-250 guided bombs. With a maximum take-off weight of up to 25 tonnes, a payload capacity of 2.8–8 tonnes, and a range of 6,000 km, the Okhotnik-B represents a significant leap in Russia’s UAV capabilities.
Oduvanchik Passive Protection Kit
Russia has patented a new passive anti-cumulative and anti-drone protection kit called Oduvanchik (Dandelion). The kit consists of flexible rods arranged in a multi-tiered tree-like pattern, creating a spatial barrier for FPV drones. The rods, made of fibreglass reinforcement, are connected with metal or impact-resistant plastic joints. A synthetic mesh with small cells is stretched between the upper tiers to enhance protection. Simplified versions of this kit are already being fitted to T-80BV/BVM, T-72B3M, and T-90M tanks alongside electronic-warfare systems.
Drone Buster Barrel-Mounted Interceptor
Russian forces are testing an improvised UAV interceptor known as the Drone Buster. This strike module, attached to a Kalashnikov rifle using a 3D-printed mount, is designed to hit small FPVs at low and ultra-low altitudes. The device is loaded from the front of the housing and uses a standard cartridge to generate the impulse. The body, 3D-printed from heat-resistant plastic, does not damage the AK barrel, according to the developers.
Boomerang FPV Drone Gains Expanded Functionality
The Boomerang FPV drone, according to a Russian serviceman with the callsign “Guantanamo,” is used not only as a loitering munition but also for reconnaissance and mine-laying. The drone’s automatic target-tracking system enables it to strike targets even under electronic-warfare interference. With a payload capacity of up to 4 kg and the ability to carry out up to 40 sorties, the Boomerang FPV drone is a versatile tool in Russia’s arsenal.
Testing of the Slon Heavy Quadcopter
The Slon heavy quadcopter has successfully completed a series of tests, including lifting a person weighing 80 kg. The Slon, which weighs 50 kg itself, has a range of 15–17 km including the return flight. It has been used to transport an 84-kg petrol generator and is already in use in four sectors of the frontline. The quadcopter is being considered as one of the methods for evacuation, further expanding its operational capabilities.
These developments underscore Russia’s commitment to advancing its military technology and strategic capabilities. As the conflict in Ukraine continues, these innovations are likely to play