Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd (MDL) has taken a significant step forward in enhancing the Indian Navy’s submarine fleet by formally entering into a collaboration agreement with the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) for the integration of indigenous energy system plugs. This development marks a pivotal moment in India’s quest for self-reliance in advanced naval technology.
The agreement focuses on integrating DRDO-developed Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) systems into the Indian Navy’s Kalvari-class submarines, which are built by MDL under a technology transfer agreement with France’s Naval Group. The integration process, known as ‘Jumboisation,’ involves precision cutting of the submarine hull, insertion of the AIP plug, and re-joining the structure to ensure full operational capability and safety.
This initiative follows a contract signed in December between the Indian defence ministry and MDL for the construction and integration of the AIP system. As the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) of the Scorpene submarines, Naval Group will provide technical oversight, proprietary materials, and specialised training to MDL engineers to ensure seamless integration of the AIP system.
“As a ‘Shipbuilders to Nation’ and the only defence PSU to construct submarines in India, we are honoured to work towards enhancing the operational capability of the Indian Navy’s submarine fleet,” said Cmde S.B. Jamgaonkar (Retd), Director of the Submarines and Heavy Engineering division at MDL.
Understanding AIP
AIP technology is a game-changer for conventional submarines, enabling them to operate underwater for extended periods without the need to surface or use a snorkel for atmospheric oxygen. Traditional diesel-electric submarines rely on stored air to power their engines and batteries, requiring frequent surfacing to replenish oxygen supplies. This necessity increases the risk of detection by enemy forces.
AIP systems generate electricity through chemical or thermal processes, reducing the dependency on atmospheric oxygen. This electricity can directly power the submarine’s electric propulsion motor or recharge its batteries. The integration of AIP significantly enhances the underwater endurance and stealth of submarines, allowing them to remain submerged for up to a month. This extended operational capability reduces the likelihood of detection and increases the submarine’s strategic value.
The collaboration between MDL and DRDO underscores India’s commitment to advancing its defence capabilities through indigenous innovation and international partnerships. As the Indian Navy continues to modernise its fleet, the integration of AIP technology will play a crucial role in maintaining a strategic edge in underwater warfare. This development also sets a precedent for future collaborations in defence technology, reinforcing India’s position as a key player in the global defence industry.